Let’s think about public safety and the need for first responders to get to specific locations in a facility quickly and efficiently.
城市的建構在於建築,建築的建構在於人,若以這個思考邏輯推演下,所有的都市設計和建築設計都要回歸"人需要什麼"
市場的分析,以及居住人屬性,以及生活需求的基礎調查,似乎才是城市發展的重點,
去年邀請來台的DCLG處長也表示:"你們不要問我要提供什麼樣的意見給台北市萬華區,而是要問當地的人要什麼"
這句話他不斷的提到不只一次,所以,我們的政府要什麼?民意代表為人民的代表,是小眾民意或是大眾民意,又能代表居住人的想法嗎,
是 的,誰才是?而,這些人又在想什麼
回到建築物防火安全設計,建築物要蓋給誰用,才是重點
而且,建築物蓋好核准之時,與建築物約50年的生命期間,不可能一直維持原核准用途,
當然,住宅是用途穩定性最高的.但在都市密集的住商混合區、或者,工業區,複雜的機能與城市經濟發展,
建築物似變臉雜戲,隨時會在變.反觀建築空置,變,反而比不變好.
回到我的主題,建築蓋好了,在變更使用規定下,用途變了,似應有一定的彈性,我指的是:站在"誰要用這裏,誰會在這裏"的思考
去考慮它的安全等級要增加多少.
美國NFPA101中,對於NEW及EXISTING,都有一定的規定以達到一定的安全.反觀台灣,法規的規定都是蓋好的新建建築.
雖有"原有合法建築物防火避難設施及消防安全設備改善辦法",一字一句的核對,是一定等級的認定,但是,要做不簡單.
而,"誰要用這裏,誰會在這裏"
分享NFPA 2011年3月的電子報報導,呼應一下-避難標示內容與配置與居住人的關係:
In some facilities, numbers start in one corner and run consecutively, even through barriers that will keep people from going into or through that area.
If rooms are added during the design process, the numbers assigned to them may be totally unrelated to the original sequence.Numbering sequences may “disappear” inside larger areas or be assigned to storage closets, freezers, or water heater enclosures.
Entryways, hallways, and corridors generally receive single numbers and generic labels, such as "Vestibule 100," that give no clue as to what rooms are behind those doors or what they are used for. Similar numbers and labels may even be repeated in several buildings within a complex.
Before the steadily increasing emphasis on security that began with 9/11, sign designers and manufacturers,building owners, and users could often negotiate with architects to renumber and rename rooms in logical ways that would enhance wayfinding for visitors and new users in the facility.
Since sign companies also specialize in signage and communication for people with disabilities, logical numbering systems and room labeling that was easily readable and consistent is an important part of their mission. People with mobility impairments rely on logical and efficient wayfinding to save them from having to take roundabout routes. People with vision impairments like logical sequencing of numbers to find rooms, and people who are deaf want clear signage and logical sequencing of numbers, as they prefer to find their own way without having to ask others-if others are even available to ask.
Let’s go one step further. Let’s think about public safety and the need for first responders to get to specific locations in a facility quickly and efficiently. They, too, need consistent, logical room numbering and space labeling. Imagine trying to locate a person having a heart attack in room 533 and finding that it’s not next to, or even near, 532 because it was added to the plans after the initial numbering was done and it’s actually tucked inside 510?
文/陳盈月 Ivy Chen
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